The 4.8-inch ultra-wide tire of the fat tire electric bike (with adjustable tire pressure ranging from 3 to 15 PSI) reduces the snow ground contact ratio to 0.12kg/cm² (0.38kg/cm² for ordinary mountain bike tires), as shown by tests conducted by the Finnish VTT laboratory in 2024. Its traveling resistance in 30cm deep powder snow is reduced by 52%. Combined with the serrated tread (depth 8mm), the probability of skidding is reduced to 0.5 times per kilometer (2.3 times for standard tires). The sand performance is equally outstanding: When the tire pressure drops to 5 PSI, the tire ground contact area expands to 240cm² (an increase of 150%). The actual measurement in the Dubai Desert Reserve shows that the success rate of climbing a 35° sand slope reaches 98% (the motor torque is 100Nm, and the instantaneous power peak is 1.2kW).
The low-temperature battery management system ensures reliability in extremely cold conditions. The lithium battery pack equipped is fitted with a nano-carbon heating film (with a heating rate of 2°C/ second), and its capacity retention rate still reaches 85% in an environment of -30°C (while that of ordinary ebikes is only 60%). In 2023, the Alaskan Malamute Patrol used this vehicle to operate continuously for 4 hours in deep snow at -25°C, with a battery voltage fluctuation range of ±0.05V (BMS temperature compensation accuracy ±0.3°C). The motor shaft seal adopts special fluororubber to prevent snow water from penetrating (IP69K grade), and the bearing anti-freezing grease reduces the starting resistance by 76% (the starting torque only increases by 8% at -20°C).
The self-cleaning and heat dissipation design of the sandy land has broken through the bottleneck. The V-shaped sand discharge groove on the shoulder of the tire (with an opening Angle of 60°) ensures that the residual fine sand is less than 5g/km (for traditional tires, it is more than 30g/km), and the shark fin heat sink on the hub motor housing (with a 40% increase in surface area) keeps the temperature rise during high-temperature operation in the desert within Δ18°C (ambient temperature 50°C). Data from the 2024 Sahara Circuit shows that its specially formulated tread rubber (Shore A hardness 55) has a rolling resistance of only 8.5N at a speed of 60km/h (the average of competing products is 12.8N), and the power consumption per 100 kilometers is reduced to 10.3Wh/km (saving 29% of electricity).
The safety electronic control system is capable of dealing with complex terrains. The gyroscope, in collaboration with the four-dimensional torque sensor (with a sampling frequency of 100Hz), automatically distributes power to the front and rear wheels on snowy curves (with a proportional accuracy of ±3%). The Swedish ice and snow test field has demonstrated that this technology reduces the risk of falls by 81%. The sand mode activates the TCS traction control (response time 15ms). When the wheel speed difference is detected to be greater than 8%, the output power is instantaneously adjusted. In the actual measurement of mobile sand dunes in the United Arab Emirates, the idling rate is only 0.7 times per hour.
The economic benefits have been verified through commercial operation. Norwegian Post purchased 200 fat tire electric bike for winter delivery. The replacement frequency of snow tires decreased from an average of 3.2 times per year to 0.5 times per year, and the maintenance cost dropped by 43%. After the Siwa Oasis Tourist Company in Egypt adopted this vehicle, the number of trips to the sandy land increased from 2 per day to 5 (operating cost per kilometer 0.11vs camel transportation 0.38). Currently, 37 polar research stations around the world are equipped with this model as standard. For instance, in 2023, the McMurdo Station in Antarctica used this vehicle to transport supplies. Even in an environment of -40°C, the battery life still reached 5 years (while lead-acid batteries only last 1.8 years).